Tutorial

Tutorial:

باطنية
د. رامي الحيالي

عدد الاوراق (2)

22/1/2012

Approach to a febrile patient

Fever
Definition of fever
Control of body temperature
Heat generating mechanisms
Heat dissipating mechanisms
Fever versus hyperthermia
Causes of hyperthermia

Patterns of fever
Rigors (true shaking chills)
Hectic fever
Intermittent fever


Special consideration:
Fever of tuberculosis
Infection without fever

Acute febrile syndromes

Fever with localizing symptoms and signs
Fever only
Fever and rash
Fever and lymphadenopathy

Fever with localization

Examples of fever and localization
pneumonia
meningitis
septic arthritis
infective diarrhoea
Falsely localizing symptoms

Fever only

Viral infections
Rhinovirus, adenovius, parainfluenza virus infections
Enterovirus and echovirus infections
Influenza


Bacterial infections:
Enteric fever
Brucellosis
Localized bacterial infections without overt localizing symptoms
Staphylococcal sepsis
Tuberculosis
Leptospirosis
Protozoal infection:
Malaria

Fever and rash

Bacterial infections:
Meninococcaemia
Gonococcaemia
Scarlet fever
Toxic shock syndromes
Typhoid fever
Viral infections:
Measles
Varicella
Rubella
VHF
Infectious mononucleosis




Fever and lymphadenopathy
Generalized lymphadenopthy
Infectious mononucleosis:
EBV, CMV, acute toxoplasmosis, HIV acute retroviral syndrome
Disseminated tuberculosis
Leukaemias and lymphoma

 SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT 


Regional lymphadenopathy
Pyogenic: pyoderma, pharyngitis and periodontal infection
Tubercolous: scrofula
Sexually transmitted disease

Investigations of febrile patient

CBC and ESR
GUE and culture
Biochemical tests
Chest X-ray
Ultrasound of the abdomen
Blood culture
Serology










PAGE 

PAGE 2