Endocrine System

Exophalmos (protuberant, staring eyes due to expansion of retro-orbital soft tissue)

Grave’s disease

Thyroid opthalmoplegia

Graves Disease (Diffuse thyroid hyperplasia)
Outer aspect of diffuse thyroid hyperplasia in a patient with Graves’ disease. The gland is diffusely swollen and hyperemic. Cut surface of thyroid gland with diffuse hyperplasia, showing a hyperemic "juicy" appearance.

Note the prominent infoldings of the hyperplastic epithelium.

Graves disease


The tall columnar thyroid epithelium with Grave's disease lines the hyperplastic infoldings into the colloid. Note the clear vacuoles in the colloid next to the epithelium where the increased activity of the epithelium has led to scalloping out of the colloid.
Graves disease

Graves disease

Lymphoid follicles with germinal centers and hyperplastic thyroid follicles in diffuse hyperplasia. Note the pale-staining quality of the colloid.