Q.1 discuss briefly the followings : (30 marks)
A chalasia cardia
what are the radiological findings of infiltrative CA stomach
seen in Ba meal examination
what are the early radiological findings seen in Rheumatoid arthritis in plain XR examination . ( describe only changes in the hand ) .
Skull XR changes of acromegaly
Horse shoe kidney on IVU .
Ultrasonic features of renal stone causing hydronephrosis .
Q.2 Name the diseases in which The following radioIogical signs can be found in :
(15 mark)1- Foot shape appearance of pelvicalyceal system in IVU examination .
2- Cobra head appearance of ureter in IVU examination .
3- Spider leg appearance of pelvicalyceal system in IVU examination
4- shepherd crook deformity of femoral head in plain XR examination
5 - codfish appearance of the vertebral body
6- Soap bubble appearance in plain XR of bone
7- Fallen fragment sign
8- lead pipe appearance in Ba-enema examination of the large bowel
9- hair on end appearance of the skull
10- shelf like filling defect in Ba-swallow examination of the esophagus
11- Codman's triangle
12-square shape vertebra
13- spring coil sign in Ba-enema examination of the large bowel
14- double bubble sign in plain XR of the abdomen
15- toxic megacolon most commonly seen
Q4 .define the followings ( 15 mark )
shention line
spondylolisthesis
potts disease
uretrocele
Bladder exstrophy
Q. 4 (T) or (F) : (40 marks)
In polycystic kidney disease ,renal cysts replace renal cortex &medulla .
Regaurding renal calculi ,commonly being radio lucent on plain x ray film .
Retrocaval ureter rarely occur on left side .
Hydro ureter can be diagnosed by KUB .
Regarding IVU procedure ,KUB usually taken before contrast injection.
Ultrasound can detect even radiolucent stone .
Virtually all stones can be seen on CT scan .
Congenital duplication of the renal system being the most common anomaly of the renal system .
Regaurding the esophageal web in ba-swallow being a thin mucosal fold (membrane) Arise from posterior wall of the esophagus extending anteriorly .
Regaurding esophageal achalasia cardia in ba-swallow the narrowing Regular with shouldering sign & the long Tapering end seen above left dome of diaphragm.
About 95% of duodenal ulcers occur in the duodenal bulb , and the rest 5 % occur in the post bulbar duodenal part .
In Ba enema examination of chronic case of crohns disease ,the colon becomes atonic, with marked dilatation, worsened by bacterial overgrowth. This leads toHYPERLINK "http://radiopaedia.org/articles/toxic-megacolon"toxic mega colonwhich although uncommon but has a poor prognosis .
In chronic cases of ulcerative colitis the bowel becomes featureless with lossof normal haustral markings, luminal narrowing and bowel shortening lead to (HYPERLINK "http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lead-pipe-sign"lead pipe sign).
Large bowel obstruction accounts for 80% allHYPERLINK "http://radiopaedia.org/articles/missing?article%5btitle%5d=mechanical-intestinal-obstruction"mechanical intestinal obstruction; the remaining 20% result fromHYPERLINK "http://radiopaedia.org/articles/large-bowel-obstruction" small bowel obstruction .
In XR of the bone , lytic, expansile lesion, Sub articular in location give the soap bubble appearance being diagnostic for simple bone cyst .
Spondylolisthesis is a defect of pars interarticularis of the neural arch .
Regaurding XR of the hand in hyper parathyrioidism the Sub periosteal resorption seen at the ulnar aspect of the middle phalanges .
In XR of the diseased bone Aninvolucrumis a complication ofHYPERLINK "http://radiopaedia.org/articles/osteomyelitis"osteomyelitisand represents a thick sheath of periosteal new bone surrounding aHYPERLINK "http://radiopaedia.org/articles/sequestrum"sequestrum .
Kohler's disease of the bone being the ,osteochodrosis of the tibial tubercle .
Gibbous deformity being a wedging of the vertebral body that is Seen in bacterial infection of vertebra .
Mid term Exam. ( )
Time: TwoHours
Date: 30/1/2016
Lecturer: Staff of Dept.
University of Mosul
College: MedicineDept.: Radiology
Class: 5th year
Subject: Radiology