Introduction to the Parasite

lec. 1

Medical (human) Parasitology
Prof. Dr. Amal KH. KH.

Medical parasitology

Medical parasitology is the study of those organisms which parasitize humans . Human parasitology, an important part of parasitology, study the medical parasites including their morphology , life cycle, the relationship with host and environment.

Parasitism , Parasite and host

Parasitism
Parasite

Host

Parasite and Type of Parasite :
1-Microparasites :
2-Macroparasites :.
3-Intracellular parasites :
4-Extracellular parasites
5-endoparasite :
6-ectoparasite :
7-Obligate parasite
8-facultative parasite :
9- accidental parasite :

Host and Type of host

1- definitive host.
2- intermediate host.
3- Reservoir host.
4-Vector.
6- accidental host.

Host selection

1-Monoxenous

2-Oligoxenous

3-Polyxenous

Life cycle of parasite

1- simple life cycle
2- complex life cycle


Transmission of parasite

A-Oral route

B- skin pentrantion.
C- by arthropod
D- sexual contact

Diagnosis of parasite

1- morphological methods:

A- blood sample:

B- stool sample:
C- urine sample:
D- sputum sample:

2- immunological methods:

3- PCR:

Classification of medical Parasitology :

binomial nomenclature system


Medical Protozoology –

Medical Helminthology –

Medical Entomology -

Chapter One : Medical Protozoology

-Medical classes of protozoa:

Sporozoa.

Flagellata (zoomastigophora)

Ciliata

Lobosea (sarcodina )

Blood species :

Plasmodium falciparium
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium malariae
tissue species
Toxoplasma gondii
Sarcocystis hominis
Intestinal species :
Isospora belli
Cryptosporidium parvum
Class (1) : sporozoa (coccidia)


Intestinal species
Giardia lamblia
Trichomonas hominis
Chilomastix mesnili
Enteromonas hominis
Retortamonas intestinalis
Oral and vaginal species .
Trichomonas tenax
Trichomonas vaginalis
Blood species
Leishmania donovani
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania brazielinses
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesience
Class (2): Flagellata (zoomastigophora)

Intestinal species

Entamoeba histolytica
Entamoeba dispar
Entamoeba hartmanni
Entamoeba coli
Endolimax nana
Iodamoeba butschlii
Extra - Intestinal species
Entamoeba gingivalis (mouth)
Naegleria fowleri (brain)
4- Ciliata : -
Balantidium coli (intestine )
Class (3) :lobosea ( sarcodina) :

Thank You

For your attention
Dr. Amal KH.KH.