
Amenorrhea
By
Asmaa kadhim
2020




Causes of primary amenorrhea

Causes of primary amenorrhea
•
Hypothalamic causes. ( hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism)
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Constitutional delay
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Congenital absence of GnRH ( kallman syndrom )
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Infection ( meningitis ,encephalitis)
•
Hydrocephaly
•
Brain tumour
•
Weight loss ( anorexia nervosa) , malabsorption
•

Pituitary causes
•
Pitutary tumour
•
Irradiation
•
Infltrative disease as sarcoidosis
•
Empty sella turcica syndrome
•
Drugs
•
Antihistamine
•
Antidepressant
•
Antihypertensive
•
Opiods

Ovarian causes ( hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism)
•
Ovarian agenesis
•
Ovarian dysgenesis ( turner syndrome)
•
Ovarian tumour ( hormone secreating tumours )
•
Infection (mumps)
•
Radiation
•
Chemotherapy
•
Autoimmune cause

Outflow abnormalities
•
mullerian agenesis
•
46XX. Rokitansky syndrome
•
46XY. Female
•
Genital tract obstruction
•
Imperforated hymen
•
Transverese vaginal septum

Other endocrine causes
•
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
•
Adrenal tumour
•
Cushing disease
•
Diabetes
•
Chronic disease
•
Thyroid disease

Management of primary amenorrhea
•
History
•
Examination
•
Progesterone challenge test
•
Estrogen and progesterone challenge test
•
Investigations
•
Treatment





Treatment
•
According to the cause

Secondary amenorrhea
By
Asmaa Kadhim
2020



Secondary amenorrhea
Physiological
Pregnancy
Lactation
Menopause
Pathological
Defect in hypothalamopitutary ovarian axis
Defect in genital tract ( adhesion or outflow obstruction)
Drug induced ( contraceptives , anti depressant ,chemotherapy
,hormones)
Systemic or endocrine diseases
Psychological disorders











