1‐
Answer True (T) or False(F) for the following questions and correct the false one
i.
Short‐acting, rapid‐onset agents (salbutamol) are used as needed to relieve bronchospasm in
asthma ( )
ii.
Acidification of urine increases the effectivity of basic drugs ( )
iii.
Naloxone binds all opioid receptors to displace bound opioid agonists ( )
iv.
Parenteral route is not an ideal choice for those who are sedated, comatose, nausea, vomiting,
babies ( )
v.
Gastric pH decreases in Chronic renal failure ( )
vi.
In cirrhosis and acute hepatitis, production of clotting factor is impaired and patients bleed
more readily ( )
vii.
Methadone causes the pupils to dilate because of its anti‐cholinergic activity similar to that of
atropine.
viii.
Drug distribution is the process by which a drug irreversibly leaves the bloodstream and enters
the extracellular fluid and/or the cells of the tissues ( )
ix.
Major organ of metabolism in the body is the intestine ( ).
x.
Heroin effect is like morphine ( )
xi.
Rapid metabolisation of drug in liver and very little or no drug reaches to systemic circulation is
called as hepatic first pass ( ).
xii.
Antibiotic prophylaxis prior to invasive dental treatment should not be used in patients with
floppy valve ( )
xiii.
Often enzyme inhibition produced undesired drug‐food interactions ( ).
xiv.
Antiacids decrease the absorption of warfarin, nitrofurantioin ( )
xv.
Antimotility agents induce peristalsis and increase tone of the rectal sphincter ( )
xvi.
Ranitidine is a proton pump inhibitor used for peptic ulcer ( )
xvii.
Short‐term oral prednisolone is used in chronic therapy of COPD ( )
xviii.
In case of mouth and pharynx, the drug is used in the form of throat paints, lozenges,gargles or
mouth washes ( )
xix.
NSAIDs act by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes, leading to increased prostaglandine synthesis
with both beneficial & unwanted effects ( )
xx.
U receptors are responsible for producing SC analgesia, sedation, dysphoria, and miosis ( )
2‐
Select the correct answer for the following questions
i.
Histamin H2 antagonist is used for
a)
Gastric and duodenal ulcers.
b)
Gastric erosions with or without bleeding.
c)
Reflux oesophagitis
d)
All the above
ii.
One of the functions of saliva is:
a)
Warming of mouth
b)
Provides acidic environment
c)
Provides Low pH and buffering
d)
Evaporation cooling
iii.
Arachidonic acid is :
a)
COX inhibitors
b)
Allergic reactors that cause pain
c)
present in phospholipids of cell membrane is released by action of phospholipase A2 under
various stimuli
d)
Hydrogenated by cyclooxygenase or lipooxygenase
iv.
One of the Prostaglandin causes is:
a)
Uterine hypercontractility & pain.
b)
Low body temperature
c)
Peptic ulcer
d)
Tremor
v.
Pick out the wrong one
a)
Rifampicin accelerates the metabolic degradation GC and oral contraceptive pill
b)
sorbitol increases the absorption of paracetamol.
c)
Physical interaction is Interaction between components of two drugs.
d)
Acidification of urine decreases the effectivity of basic drugs
vi.
Which drug should be avoided during dental surgery in patients have risk of bleeding?
a)
Paracetamol
b)
Voltaren
c)
Warfarin
d)
Amoxicillin
vii.
Which of the following statements is correct?
a)
If 10 mg of Drug A produces the same response as 100 mg of Drug B, Drug A is more efficacious
than Drug B.
b)
The greater the efficacy, the greater the potency of a drug.
c)
In selecting a drug, potency is usually more important than efficacy.
d)
A competitive antagonist increases the ED50
viii.
Remedies for nasal stuffiness often contain which one of the following drugs?
a)
Albuterol.
b)
Atropine.
c)
Epinephrine
d)
Norepinephrine
ix.
A young man is brought into the emergency room. He is unconscious, and he has pupillary
constriction and depressed respiration. You note needle marks on his legs. You administer naltrexone,
and he awakens. This agent was effective because:
a)
Naltrexone antagonizes opiates at the receptor site.
b)
Naltrexone is a stimulant of the CNS.
c)
Binds all opioid receptors to displace bound opioid agonists.
d)
centrally acting analgesic that binds to the K‐opioid receptor.
x.
A heroin addict has entered a rehabilitation program that requires that she take methadone.
Methadone is effective in this situation because it:
a)
Is an antagonist at the morphine receptors.
b)
Has less potent analgesic activity than heroin.
c)
Because of its short half‐life ,it doesn’t cause addiction
d)
Can prevent an addict from suffering severe withdrawal symptoms as the body normalizes.
xi.
A 68‐year‐old male retired police officer who has smoked a 1/2 pack of cigarettes a day for the
past 40 years is diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He has a difficulty in
expiration during breathing, but the symptoms are mild and intermittent. Which one of the following
agents would most appropriate initial therapy.
a)
Systemic corticosteroids
b)
Salmeterol
c)
Tiotropium plus salmeterol
d)
Theophylline
xii.
One of the advantages of subligual administration is:
a)
Middle onset of action
b)
Long duration of action
c)
The degradation and metabolism of the drugs in the stomach and liver is avoided
d)
Self medication is difficult
xiii.
The fluid component of saliva consists of:
a)
protein component released mainly in response to sympathetic stimulation
b)
ions, produced mainly by parasympathetic stimulation
c)
ions , produced by sympathetic system
d)
proteins, released in sympathetic inhibition
xiv.
Which statement is incorrect? Aspirin ‐
a)
causes sweating
b)
acts in fever to reset the central thermostat
c)
will not reduce hyperthermia of exercise
d)
will cause more gastric bleeding than paracetamol
xv.
Which organ does Paracetamol damage ?
a)
heart
b)
liver
c)
kidney
d)
brain
xvi.
The liver is most important site of drug metabolism in body – but drugs can also be metabolised
in other organs – which is the odd one out?
a)
skin
b)
intestines
c)
eyebrows
d)
kidney
e)
lungs
xvii.
Which is the incorrect answer? Analgesics which can be given to children under 16 include
a)
Paracetamol
b)
Aspirin
c)
Codeine
d)
Pethidine
xviii.
Which of the following is correct concerning metronidazole?
a)
useful against aerobic bacteria
b)
stimulates the conversion of acetaldehyde to acetic acid
c)
damages the structure of DNA
d)
used to treat oral fungal infections
xix.
Effects of muscarinic agonists on the gastrointestinal tract
a)
reduced intestinal peristalsis
b)
reduced smooth muscle tone
c)
reduced contraction amplitude
d)
none of the above
xx.
Lansoprazole is not used in which of the following cases?
a)
Gastritis
b)
Peptic Ulcers
c)
Zollinger‐Ellison syndrome
d)
Thalamus hypertrophy
xxi.
Which of the following is not directly related to a drug toxicity of Ibuprofen?
a)
Nausea
b)
Renal dysfunction
c)
Anemia
d)
Muscle wasting
xxii.
Which drug has the effect of decreasing saliva production?
a)
Methyldopa
b)
Antidepressants
c)
H‐1 receptor blockers
d)
All of the above
xxiii.
The branch of pharmacology that deals with the undesirable effects of chemicals on living
systems, from individual cells to humans to complex ecosystems is
a)
Pharmacogenetics
b)
Pharmacogenomics
c)
Pharmacognosy
d)
Toxicology
xxiv.
The disease that characterized by hyper‐responsive airways is
a)
COPD
b)
Allergic rhinitis
c)
Asthma
d)
Shortness of breath
xxv.
A patient is suffering from a severe toothache and he went to his dentist and, after diagnosis of
the dentist which drugs should be avoided if the patient has high blood pressure levels?
a)
Naproxen
b)
Mefenemic acid
c)
Aspirin
d)
Voltaren
xxvi.
The daily dose of Cefepime is
a)
Once daily before meal
b)
Once daily after meal
c)
Twice daily before meal
d)
Twice daily after meal
xxvii.
Which one of the following is phase II conjugation reaction?
a)
Oxidation
b)
Reduction
c)
Methylation
d)
Hydration
xxviii.
Metabolsim of lidocaine is inhibited by using the following drug
a)
Propranolol
b)
Ranitidine
c)
Cimetidine
d)
Loratadine
xxix.
The measure of drug elimination.It is the theoretical volume of plasma from which drug is
completely removed in unit time is called as:
a)
Drug elimination
b)
Clearance
c)
First order elimination
d)
None of the above
xxx.
Which one of the following is the cause of dry mouth?
a)
Irradiation
b)
Dehydration
c)
Psychogenic
d)
All of the above
xxxi. Proton pump inhibitors
a)
Used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers responding to H
₂ antagonists
b)
They protect parietal cells by increaing endogenous PG synthesis
c)
Attenuate peptic activity by binding with pepsin
d)
It is drug of choice for ZollingerEllison syndrome
xxxii. One of the factors affecting drug distribution
a)
Water solubility
b)
Lipid solubility
c)
Rate of absorption
d)
None of the above
xxxiii.
Antispasmodic drugs are used to
a)
decrease cramps, abdominal pain
b)
reduce peristalsis and increase tone of the rectalsphincter
c)
increase the absorption of ammonia and toxins from colon
d)
clean bowel before surgery
xxxiv.
Select the WRONG answer from the followings
a) Salivary gland swelling can occur when one of the ducts that carry saliva from the salivary
gland to the mouth is blocked.
b) Dry mouth is a common complaint in the elderly mainly as consequence of the large number
of drugs used
c) Salivary gland secretion is mainly under peripheral system control
d) Adnenaline (1% solution) is used during local anesthesia to stop bleeding by causing local
vasoconstriction.
xxxv. Antiacid agents
a)
provide symptomematic relief by reducing acid irritation of ulcers and to a less extent
promote healing
b)
neutralize gastric hydrochloric acid and prevent activation of pepsin
c)
reduce peristalsis and increase tone of the rectal sphincter
d)
have antispasmodic actions too.
xxxvi. Which one of the following is a cause of dry mouth?
a)
Primary biliary cirrhosis
b)
Infections
c)
HIV
d)
All of the above
xxxvii. Histamin H2 antagonist is used for
e)
Gastric and duodenal ulcers.
f)
Gastric erosions with or without bleeding.
g)
Reflux oesophagitis
h)
All the above
xxxviii.
The dentist prescribed An antibiotic every 8 hours and an analgesic drug twice
daily for his patient. How he will write them in his prescription paper?
a)
Amoxicillin Cap. 3x1 and Panadol Tab 1x2
b)
Amoxicillin Cap. 3x3 and Panadol Tab 1x2
c)
Amoxicillin Cap. 1x3 and Panadol Tab 1x2
d)
Amoxicillin Cap. 1x3 and Panadol Tab 2x1
xxxix. Select the drug that become activated after metabolism
a)
Dopamine
b)
Hydrocortisone
c)
Bacampicilline
d)
All the above
xl.
If the drug should be administered orally before meals every 6 hours, then how you will
write it on a prescription paper?
a)
1x4 po. a.c
b)
1x4 p.c
c)
1x4 p.o
d)
1x4 p.c po
3
Fill in the blanks:
i)
What is the maximum amount of paracetamol that an adult can take in 24 hours?
………………….grams
……………… tablets.
ii)
Inflammation
is
a
normal,
protective
response
to
tissue
injury
caused
by…………………, …………………. and ……………….
iii)
………………… given to newborn child results in closure of ductus arteriosus
iv)
If the patient has allergy to penicillin avoid using drugs such as ………………. and
……………
v)
Sympathomimetic drugs like ……………. And ……………… should be avoided to use
in patients have dry mouth
vi)
……………….governs the concentrationeffect part of the interaction, whereas
……………….. deals with the doseconcentration part
vii)
The tendency of a drug to bind to the receptors is governed by its
………......
, whereas the
tendency for it, once bound, to activate the receptor is denoted by its
…………….
viii)
…………………Used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers, not responding to H2
antagonists because its longterm use is likely to be hazardous.
ix)
…………….protects paietal cells by increasing endogenous PG synthesis.
x)
……………..is more potent than indomethacin or naproxen and it accumulates in
synovial fluids
4‐
Write a drug name for each of the followings:
a)
Short acting β2‐Agonist drug used for asthma:
b)
Nonopioid derivative of morphine used as an anti‐cough agent:
c)
Most effective opioid analgesic:
d)
A potent antitussif opioid drug:
5‐
Define the followings:
a)
Shortness of breath:
b)
Oral prophylaxis:
c)
Salivary Gland Swelling:
d)
Prodrug:
e)
Pharmaeconomics
f)
Receptor
g)
Antagonist
h)
Agonist
i)
Partial agonist
j)
Complete agonist
k)
NSAIDs
l)
Salivary gland swelling
m)
Oral hygiene
n)
Hepatic first pass effect
o)
Zero order kinetics
p)
First order kinetics
q)
Plasma half life
r)
Allergic rhinitis
s)
COPD
6‐
What are the symptoms of COPD?
7‐
What are the difference between ACUTE BRONCHITIS &
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
8‐
What are the initial therapies of COPD ?with giving examples of drugs and drug combinations
9‐
What are the possible drug interactions that should be taken into consider while prescribing
drugs?
10‐
What are the ways and means of assessing the efficiency and toxicity of drug used?
11‐
Write the name of all routes of drug administration.
12‐
What are the common asthma triggers?
13‐
What are the Risk Factors for Developing COPD?
14‐
What are the dental procedures for which endocarditis prophylaxis is recommended in cardiac
cases indicated?
15‐
What are the dental procedures and events do not need prophylaxis?
16‐
What is the special chemoprophylaxis in special risk patients?
17‐
What are the dental prophylaxis for Patients who are allergic to penicillin or have received
penicillin?
18‐
What are the procedures and events do not need prophylaxis in Dentistry?