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Impaction of the ilio-caecal valve

The disease occurs chiefly in horses, causing a syndrome of subacute abdominal pain followed by acute one. It is commonly fatal.
Etiology: The common cause is feeding on low-grade finely chopped roughage.
Pathogenesis: The finely chopped straw collects in the terminal part of the ileum at the ilecoaecal valve which causes complete intestinal obstruction.

Clinical findings: 1- Initially there is subacute pain for a period of 8-12 hrs. In this period there is no increase in the
pulse rate or respirations. 2- Intestinal sounds are increased in frequency & intensity. 3- Rectal palpation may reveal the enlargement of the impacted ileum in the upper right flank at
the base of the caecum .
4- At the end of this phase pain increases in severity, there is depression, patchy sweating and
coldness of the extremities. Animal sits on haunches and rolls and straggles violently.
The abdominal pain becomes severe and continuous. Pulse rate rises (80-120/m) and is weak.
Respirations are increased (over 401m). No abdominal sounds. Aspiration of fluids by a nasal tube
may amount several gallons of sanguineous fluid. - Rectal exam. in this phase reveals that the large intestine is small and contracted and the small
intestine is so tightly distended with gas and fluids. - Death usually occurs 36-48 hrs. after the onset of the disease. - Rupture of the intestine may occur.
D. Diagnosis: 1- In early stages the disease may be confused with spasmodic colic or enteritis but the palpation
of the impacted ileum may differentiate the two. The continuation of the illness suggests the
ilecoaecal valve impaction. 2- In the second phase it resembles acute tympany except that the small intestine is obstructed. 3- In acute intestinal obstruction shock is sever. 4- The characteristic feature of ilecoaecal valve impaction are the gross accumulation of fluid
and the relatively long course.


Treatment: 1- Removal of the fluids from the stomach and replacement of the lost fluids. 2- Sedatives. 3- Removal of the obstruction surgically if the animal survives, but this is without hope. 4- A large doses of mineral oil (1/2 - 1 gallon).




رفعت المحاضرة من قبل: Yehia Vet
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