PHARMACOLOGY
PHARMACOLOGYPharmacology: is the science that is study the action of drugs on the body.
Pharmacology divides into two part:Pharmacodynamic: is the science that is study the action of drugs on the body, which includes the dose, mechanism of the action toxic effects.
Pharmacokinetic: is the science that is study the action of the body on the drugs, which includes absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion.
Origin of drugs:
Plant: atropine.
Animal: insulin.
Synthetic: amoxicillin.
Semisynthetic: cephalosporin.
Microbiology: penicillin.
Effects of drugs:
Side effect: predicted undesired of the therapeutic e.g. Diphenhydramine HCL.Adverse effect: un predicted undesired of the therapeutic e.g. penicillin.
Toxic effects: damage t the components of the cell.
Posology: is the science that is study the dose of the drugs.
Drug: any substance or any chemicals, it causes damage in the function or organ, it uses as prophylactic or uses as treat acetaminophen or uses as diagnosis.
Note: the definition of drug has no clean-cut demarcation.
How the drugs are named:
Trade name (proprietary , innovator): drugs that are marked by name from the company, and it is written with a capital letters e.g. : PARACETAMOL, ASPIN, INDOCID.
Science name (official): it is written with a small letters and it is less complex than the chemical name e.g. : aspirin, acetaminophen, indomethacin.
Chemical: it is deal with chemical structure e.g. : N-acetyl-para-aminophenol, acetyl salicylic acid, indole acetic acid.
Properties of an ideal drugs:
Effectiveness: effect more to the organisms and effect less to living tissue (host).
Safety: it has less toxic effects.
Selectivity: it works only on its given:
Adrenalin: it works on α and β receptors.
Salbutamol: it works only on β2 receptor.