Influenza A H1 N1
Dr Ghazi F ,Haji CARDIOLOGISTInfluenza Virus Types A and B
Type A(Seasonal, avian, swine influenza,….) Type B (Seasonal influenza)Can cause significant disease
Generally causes milder disease but may also cause severe disease
Infects humans and other species (e.g., birds; H5N1)
Limited to humans
Can cause epidemics and pandemics (worldwide epidemics)
Generally causes milder epidemics
*
1920 1940 1960 1980 2000
H1N1H2N2
H3N2
1918: “Spanish Flu” 1957: “Asian Flu” 1968: “Hong Kong Flu” 20-40 million deaths
1-4 million deaths
1-4 million deaths
The new virus must be efficiently transmitted from one human to another
Prerequisites for pandemic influenzaA new influenza virus emerges to which the general population has little/no immunity
The new virus must be able to replicate in humans and cause disease
The InfluenzaVirus
A H1N1 :new virusThe 2009 H1N1 virus is a hybrid of swine, avian and human strains Influenza A (H1N1)
Viral Re-assortment
Reassortment in pigsReassortment in humans
Pandemic Influenza Virus
Big droplets fall on people surfaces bed clothes
Courtesy of CDCSigns and Symptoms
Human InfluenzaType of infection
Upper and lower respiratory
Fever
Yes
Headache
Yes
Cough
Yes
Respiratory symptoms
Varies; sore throat to difficulty breathing
Gastrointestinal symptoms
Uncommon, except children, elderly
Recovery
2-7 days
Swine flu
Cough etiquette
Respiratory etiquette Cover nose / mouth when coughing or sneezing Hand washing!
Voluntary Isolation
Separation and restricted movement of ill persons with contagious disease (often in a hospital setting and Primarily individual level) Isolate severe and mild cases Location of isolation (home, hospital) depends on several factors (severity of illness, the number of affected persons, the domestic setting) Do not wait for lab confirmation Plan for large number of severe cases Provide medical and social carePatients Cared for at Home
Potential for transmissionMust educate family caregiversFever / symptom monitoringInfection control measuresHand washingUse of available material as mask …Isolation Precautions
Source: Rosie Sokas, MD MOH UIL at ChicagoDroplet precautions: Surgical Masks